The Venezuelan Exodus

In Brief

The Venezuelan Exodus

More than three million Venezuelans have fled poverty, hunger, violence, and persecution in recent years, journeying throughout the Americas and Southern Europe.

More on:

Venezuela

Refugees and Displaced Persons

Immigration and Migration

Nicolas Maduro

Geopolitics of Energy

Venezuela is in the midst of an unprecedented political and economic crisis, the effects of which are rippling across the hemisphere and beyond. Wracked by hyperinflation, severe food and medicine shortages, soaring crime rates, and an increasingly authoritarian executive, more than 3.3 million Venezuelans—approximately 10 percent of the population—have fled the country in the past four years. Some 460,000 have claimed asylum from political persecution and violence, and another 1.8 million have gained other forms of residency. Hundreds of thousands of others, however, lack legal residency, and with it, access to employment, education, and social services. It is one of the largest and swiftest mass migrations in Latin America’s history, and the United Nations has characterized the situation as a humanitarian crisis [PDF].

Where do migrants go?

More From Our Experts

Approximately eight out of every ten Venezuelan migrants stay in Latin America and the Caribbean, while most of the remainder settle in North America and Southern Europe. Neighboring Colombia and Peru are the largest recipients of Venezuelans, followed by the United States, Chile, Ecuador, and Spain. The intensification of migrant flows has strained the capacity of host countries to provide basic services.

Map showing destination countries of Venezuelan migrants and refugees

 

More on:

Venezuela

Refugees and Displaced Persons

Immigration and Migration

Nicolas Maduro

Geopolitics of Energy

Close

Top Stories on CFR

Climate Change

The wildfires scorching the region around Los Angeles are likely to be the most expensive in history. But, future climate change-related disasters will certainly top them in cost. Here are some steps to limit the damage.

Conflict Prevention

U.S. foreign policy experts rank the thirty global conflicts that could most significantly affect the United States in 2025.

United States

Each Friday, I examine what is happening with President-elect Donald Trump’s transition to the White House. This week: The forty-seventh president wants a deal to curb Iran’s nuclear program and faces a big decision if he cannot get it.